使用多维数组将两个矩阵相乘的 C 程序
要理解此示例,您应该具备以下 C 语言编程主题的知识:
该程序要求用户输入两个矩阵的大小(行和列)。
两个矩阵相乘,第一个矩阵的列数应该等于第二个矩阵的行数。
下面的程序要求两个矩阵的行数和列数,直到满足上述条件。
然后,执行两个矩阵的乘法,并将结果显示在屏幕上。
为此,我们创建了三个函数:
getMatrixElements()
- 从用户那里获取矩阵元素输入。multiplyMatrices()
- 将两个矩阵相乘。display()
- 显示乘法后的结果矩阵。
通过将矩阵传递给函数来乘以矩阵
#include <stdio.h>
// function to get matrix elements entered by the user
void getMatrixElements(int matrix[][10], int row, int column) {
printf("\nEnter elements: \n");
for (int i = 0; i < row; ++i) {
for (int j = 0; j < column; ++j) {
printf("Enter a%d%d: ", i + 1, j + 1);
scanf("%d", &matrix[i][j]);
}
}
}
// function to multiply two matrices
void multiplyMatrices(int first[][10],
int second[][10],
int result[][10],
int r1, int c1, int r2, int c2) {
// Initializing elements of matrix mult to 0.
for (int i = 0; i < r1; ++i) {
for (int j = 0; j < c2; ++j) {
result[i][j] = 0;
}
}
// Multiplying first and second matrices and storing it in result
for (int i = 0; i < r1; ++i) {
for (int j = 0; j < c2; ++j) {
for (int k = 0; k < c1; ++k) {
result[i][j] += first[i][k] * second[k][j];
}
}
}
}
// function to display the matrix
void display(int result[][10], int row, int column) {
printf("\nOutput Matrix:\n");
for (int i = 0; i < row; ++i) {
for (int j = 0; j < column; ++j) {
printf("%d ", result[i][j]);
if (j == column - 1)
printf("\n");
}
}
}
int main() {
int first[10][10], second[10][10], result[10][10], r1, c1, r2, c2;
printf("Enter rows and column for the first matrix: ");
scanf("%d %d", &r1, &c1);
printf("Enter rows and column for the second matrix: ");
scanf("%d %d", &r2, &c2);
// Taking input until
// 1st matrix columns is not equal to 2nd matrix row
while (c1 != r2) {
printf("Error! Enter rows and columns again.\n");
printf("Enter rows and columns for the first matrix: ");
scanf("%d%d", &r1, &c1);
printf("Enter rows and columns for the second matrix: ");
scanf("%d%d", &r2, &c2);
}
// get elements of the first matrix
getMatrixElements(first, r1, c1);
// get elements of the second matrix
getMatrixElements(second, r2, c2);
// multiply two matrices.
multiplyMatrices(first, second, result, r1, c1, r2, c2);
// display the result
display(result, r1, c2);
return 0;
}
输出
Enter rows and column for the first matrix: 2
3
Enter rows and column for the second matrix: 3
2
Enter elements:
Enter a11: 2
Enter a12: -3
Enter a13: 4
Enter a21: 53
Enter a22: 3
Enter a23: 5
Enter elements:
Enter a11: 3
Enter a12: 3
Enter a21: 5
Enter a22: 0
Enter a31: -3
Enter a32: 4
Output Matrix:
-21 22
159 179